Proceeding of International Conference on Science and Technology UISU
Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara Organized an International Seminar: 1st International Conference on Science and Technology UISU (ICST) with the theme “Contribution of Engineering Disciplines to Achieving Sustainable Development Goals Research Realizing the Vision of Golden Indonesia 2045” on July 22-23 2024. Open to Academics, Students, Lecturers, Scientists in the Engineering and Computer Fields.
Design and Development of Tempeh Raw Material Control System Based on Periodic Review to Increase Production Efficiencyat CV.XYZ
This research aims to design an efficient inventory control system for tempe raw materials at CV.XYZ by applying the Periodic Review method. The problem faced by the company is the occurrence of excesses and shortages of raw materials due to the absence of an accurate control system. Demand forecasting is carried out using the time series method (Exponential Smoothing, Linear Regression, and Moving Average) to obtain optimal estimates of raw material requirements. Forecasting results are used as a basis for implementing Periodic Review to determine order intervals, maximum inventory and order quantity. The analysis results show that this method can minimize inventory costs and reduce the risk of shortages and excesses of raw materials, thereby increasing production efficiency
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Fanji Fatwa, Reakha Zulvatricia, Riana Puspita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Utilization of Wood Powder Waste for Briquette Production Using the Taguchi Experimental Approach
UD. X is a home industry engaged in the production of stone mortars. The production capacity is approximately 30 pieces per day or 780 pieces per month, resulting in waste of about 60 kg per month. The goal of this research is to recycle waste from production into a commercially viable product, namely briquettes.There search method usedwas the Taguchi experimental design to determinethe optimal composition by varying supporting factor parameters in the briquette production from wood sawdust, including the amount of sawdust waste used and the raw material composition of the briquettes.The results indicated that the factorsaffecting the quality characteristics of briquettes from wood sawdust include the ratio of sawdust waste, tapioca flour, water, and drying time. ANOVA showed that the factor significantly affecting the quality characteristics of briquettes was the amount oftapioca flour at 35.00%, while the amount ofsawdust waste, water, and drying time do not significantly influence the briquette quality characteristics. It can beconcluded that briquettes can be produced using wood sawdust waste with a formulation based on SNR Smaller The Better, namely A1B1C1D1.
Copyright (c) 2025 Taufik Hidayat, Chitara Utami P.A., Nukhe Andri Silviana, Haniza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Seismic Fragility of the SMART Tunnel Under Near-Field Earthquakes
This study investigates the seismic performance of the SMART Tunnel under near-field earthquake conditions, with a focus on how tunnel burial depth influences fragility, crack development, and structural response. The research began with a comprehensive literature review to establish a theoretical basis for seismic analysis and soil-structure interaction. Four 2D finite element models representing tunnel depths of 0 m, 5 m, 10 m, and 12.2 m were developed using ABAQUS, with realistic soil and structural properties. Seismic input was obtained from the PEER Ground Motion Database and processed through SeismoSignal to generate acceleration-time histories and response spectra. Time-history analyses were then conducted to simulate tunnel behaviour under selected near-field earthquakes. Key structural responses, such as stress distribution and crack propagation, were analysed to evaluate damages. Fragility curves were developed for each model to assess the probability of damage under varying seismic intensities. The findings show that Model 4, located 12.2 m above the rock layer, performs the best due to its ability to accommodate larger displacements before failure, benefiting from increased flexibility in softer soils. In contrast, Model 1, placed directly on the bedrock, was the least effective, showing early collapse under lower seismic loads. These results emphasise the importance of depth and soil interaction in seismic tunnel design.
Copyright (c) 2025 Syarifah Salwania Syed Mohd Zin, Nik Zainab Nik Azizan, Ronal Hamonangan Tua Simbolon https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Electrical Load Forecasting Using Ant Algorithm With Short Forecast Time
The characteristics of the demand for electrical energy sometimes make the effort difficult to meet. Forecasting load growth and efforts to satisfactorily meet daily and annual load cycles are two difficulties that must be overcome. The average growth of electricity consumption in Indonesia is increasing every year. Given to build a power plant takes 8 to 10 years, then the system planners should look at the possibilities of the development of Power Systems 10 to 20 years ahead. This is necessary so that there is time to estimate and improve planning in a long-term perspective.The need for electrical energy consumption can also be used as an indicator of the trend in which the development of the sector or area is moving. The increasing need for electric power is certainly to be anticipated by providing a more adequate electrical system both in number and quality in the future. Thus, in electrical a system is needed forecasting (estimate) well to determine the need for electricity within a certain period of time either short-term, medium-term or long-term and the need for peak loads to reduce environmental uncertainty.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hermansyah Alam, Mahrizal Masri, Muhammad Fadlan Siregar, Helma Widya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Image Compression Application Using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) Method
The increasing demand for high-resolution digital images in various domains such as social media, healthcare, security, and facial recognition has intensified challenges related to large file sizes, impacting storage, transmission speed, and processing efficiency. Digital image compression offers a viable solution, with two primary approaches: lossless and lossy. Among lossy techniques, the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is widely adopted, notably in the JPEG standard, for its ability to transform spatial-domain data into the frequency domain, preserving essential information while reducing redundant details. This study investigates the effectiveness of DCT-based compression in reducing file size while maintaining acceptable visual quality, highlighting its balance between storage efficiency and image fidelity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Amanda Rengganis, Muhammad Zulfansyuri Siambaton, Rachmat Aulia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Deli River Flood Controlin the Maimun District Area Medan City
Flooding is a common issue in urban areas, caused by high rainfall intensity that increases river discharge and leads to overflow, as the river channel capacity cannot accommodate such large water volumes. In the city of Medan, one of the rivers that passes through the areais the Deli River, which stretches for72 km and has a watershed area of 472.96 km², starting from Karo Regency to Medan City.One of the most urgen turban problems that needs to be addressed is flooding.Sei Mati Subdistrict, located in the Medan Maimun District, is one of the areas in Medan considered prone to flooding, especially in residential zone salong the banks of the Deli River. This research employs aquantitative-based approach. It utilizes both primary and secondary data, suchas maximum rainfall data, crossand long sections of the Deli River, land use data, and the locations affected by floods. These data are then analyzed hydrologically to obta in the design flood discharge.There sults of the hydrologi calanalysis are then further analyzed hydraulically using the HEC-RAS 5.0.7 software. From the hydrological analysis, the planned flood discharge was obtained using the Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH) method, resulting in values of: Q2=358.300m³/s, Q5=434.478m³/s, Q10=491.722m³/s, Q25=571.716m³/s, and Q50=571.716m³/s. From the hydraulic analysis using HEC-RAS 5.0.7, it was shown that thereisan approximate increase in flood height of ±25cmforthe 2-year return period compared to the 2023 flood event, with a total water surface elevation of 3.92 m for the 2-year returnperiod. Therefore,the construction of a5-meter-high levee on the right river bank is necessary.This height has accounted for the minimum peak discharge value in the2ndyear,which is434.378 m³/s.This solution is considered optimal for minimizing flood risk during the 2-year return period along the Deli River.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rumilla Harahap https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Improving the Seismic Performance Of Eccentrically Braced Frame (EBF) Steel Structures Through the Application of Medium-Length Links
Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBFs) are widely recognized for their capacity to combine structural strength, stiffness, and ductility, making them an ideal solution for earthquake-resistant design. At the core of this system lies the link beam, whose inelastic deformation behavior determines the overall energy dissipation capacity of the frame. Traditional link designs favor short and long configurations, which are characterized by shear or flexural yielding, respectively. However, medium-length links—capable of simultaneously activating both shear and flexural mechanisms—offer an advantageous compromise between strength and ductility. Despite their potential, medium-length links are underutilized due to historical design conservatism and limited code recognition. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the performance characteristics of medium-length links through a synthesis of recent experimental and computational studies. It also identifies emerging innovations in detailing, materials, and modeling approaches that can optimize EBF systems for enhanced seismic resilience. The results support a performance-based shift in design philosophy that leverages medium-length links to improve the safety, reliability, and sustainability of steel buildings in seismic regions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Husni Malik Hasibuan, Ronal Hamonangan Tua Simbolon https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping: A Review
This Landslides are among the most destructive natural hazards, posing significant risks to human life, infrastructure, and the environment. Accurate landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) is essential for effective disaster risk reduction and land-use planning. This review paper explores the application of Geographic Information System (GIS)-based Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) methods in landslide susceptibility mapping. It synthesizes current methodologies, evaluates the effectiveness of various decision-making techniques—such as the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Weighted Linear Combination (WLC), and fuzzy logic—and highlights their integration with spatial data layers representing key landslide conditioning factors (e.g., slope, soil type, rainfall, land use, geology). The review also addresses challenges related to data quality, subjective weighting, and model validation, while discussing advancements in machine learning integration and hybrid approaches. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the strengths and limitations of MCE-based LSM frameworks, offering recommendations for future improvements in predictive accuracy and practical implementations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Antoni, Maharani Arfah, Mbera Mehuli https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation the ARIMA Algorithm to Predict Used Car Auctions at the Balai Lelang Mobil Medan
The ARIMA model can analyze univariate data (describing data simply to find patterns within the data) that contains seasonal patterns and trends. The application of the ARIMA algorithm to automatically predict the auction prices of used cars at the Balai Lelang Mobil Medan, designing and building a web-based car auction price prediction application. Data collection for the research was conducted at the Balai Lelang Mobil Medan, and data processing was carried out at the University of Islam Sumatera Utara. The results of the research indicate that the Used Car Auction Price Prediction Application at the Balai Lelang Mobil Medan, utilizing the ARIMA algorithm, can be accessed by administrators and potential buyers, where potential buyers can predict used car auction prices based on the dataset entered by the administrator.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tasliyah Haramaini, Mhd Akbar Buhari, Khairuddin Nasution, Mhd. Zulfansyuri Siambaton https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Circular Supply Chain Management in Technology Industry to Support Circular Economy
The rapid development of the technology industry demands transformation from linear economic models toward circular economy to achieve long-term sustainability. This research analyzes the implementation of circular supply chain management in the technology industry as a strategy to support circular economy. A descriptive qualitative research method was used with a systematic literature review approach on 35 scientific articles from reputable journals within the 2019-2024 range. Analysis was conducted on three main dimensions: digital technologies integration, sustainable supply chain practices, and circular business model implementation. Research results show that implementing circular supply chain management in the technology industry can increase resource utilization efficiency up to 40%, reduce waste generation by 35%, and increase company profitability by an average of 25%. Digital technologies such as IoT, blockchain, and artificial intelligence serve as primary enablers in optimizing circular supply chain processes. Research findings identify five critical success factors: digital infrastructure readiness, stakeholder collaboration, regulatory support, circular design thinking, and performance measurement systems. This research contributes to the development of theoretical and practical frameworks for implementing circular supply chain management in the context of Indonesia's technology industry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Supriadi, Safrida, Dewi Budhiartini Yuli Isnaini, Yusrita, Zenni Riana, Nur Augus Fahmi, Bagus Handoko, Evi Susilawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integration of Circular Economy Concepts in Engineering Education Curriculum to Create Future Green Innovators
The transformation toward a circular economy has become an urgent need in addressing global sustainability challenges. This study aims to analyze the integration of circular economy concepts in engineering education curriculum to create future green innovators at the Faculty of Engineering, Islamic University of North Sumatra (FT UISU). The research methodology uses a mixed-method approach with explanatory sequential design. The research sample consists of 100 respondents including 70 students, 20 lecturers, and 10 industry stakeholders. Research instruments include structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and curriculum document analysis. Results show that 76% of respondents consider the integration of circular economy very important in engineering education curriculum. Gap analysis reveals limited understanding of circular economy concepts (62%), minimal sustainability-based courses (43%), and lack of green technology-based laboratory practices (58%). The developed integration model includes three main pillars: (1) Green Engineering Fundamentals, (2) Circular Design Thinking, and (3) Sustainable Innovation Laboratory. Model implementation shows significant improvement in students' green innovation competencies by 34.7% and environmental awareness by 41.2%. This research contributes to developing a circular economy-based curriculum framework that can be adopted by other engineering education institutions to produce graduates ready to become future green innovators.
Copyright (c) 2025 Evi Susilawati, Pardi, Chairina, Susi Eka Lestari, Raden Deni Atmiral, Mardiansyah, Ahmad Fauzan, Imamul Khaira, Evi Syuriani Harahap https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Practical Applications of Augmented Reality in Sustainability
Addressing the growing challenges of climate change, environmental degradation and resource scarcity requires innovative and accessible approaches to sustainability. Augmented Reality (AR), a technology that overlays digital content onto the physical environment, offers new possibilities for engaging with complex environmental systems through interactive and location-specific experiences. While AR has been widely adopted in cultural heritage settings to enrich museum exhibitions and enhance visitor engagement, its potential is now being explored in response to environmental and sustainability concerns. This paper examines AR use cases across three key domains: renewable energy, green technology and the circular economy. These examples show how AR supports data visualisation, system monitoring and real-time guidance to enable more sustainable practices. Applications include energy system planning, environmental awareness, sustainable mobility and waste reduction through recycling, repair and creative reuse. Through these applications, AR translates abstract sustainability concepts into accessible and actionable experiences that enhance understanding, foster behavioural change and support informed decision making. In addition, the paper considers AR’s broader capacity to connect knowledge, place and emotion, making it a valuable tool for public education, technical training and community engagement. By extending immersive technologies beyond entertainment and traditional learning contexts, AR presents a promising contribution to the design and delivery of sustainability strategies. This paper supports the wider integration of digital innovation into sustainability efforts and positions AR as a meaningful enabler of environmental awareness and practical action.
Copyright (c) 2025 Noradila Nordin, Mohamad Adri Nordin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Raw Material Inventory Control Using The Just-in-Time Method
The object of this study is an industry engaged in the production and marketing of tempeh, which is made from soybeans and yeast. However, in the tempeh production process, there is a problem in determining the amount of raw materials, as there is no proper control of raw material supplies. This is due to the lack of clarity regarding the monthly raw material requirements, leading to an inaccurate determination of the raw material inventory to be stocked and resulting in cost losses because the incoming raw material inventory exceeds the monthly raw material requirements. Data processing is conducted using the Just In Time method to determine the appropriate amount of raw material inventory and production. The Just In Time method results in more effective raw material inventory costs compared to the company's existing policies. Planning and controlling raw material inventory using the Just In Time method can save inventory costs by Rp.31,997,869 or 12.54%.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aurel Devano, Ninny Siregar, Yudi Daeng Polewangi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategic Management Analysis Of Tagline Usage In Supporting The Vision Of Sustainable Growth At Shanghai Kaiquan Pump
Corporate taglines are often perceived merely as marketing tools; however, within strategic management, taglines play a crucial role in conveying a company’s vision and fostering sustainable growth. Shanghai Kaiquan Pump, as a global manufacturing firm, integrates sustainability values into its business strategy through the effective use of its tagline. This study employs a qualitative case study methodology, collecting data via document analysis, in-depth interviews, and observation. Findings reveal that the tagline functions not only as an external communication tool but also as an internal strategic guide that strengthens the company’s commitment to innovation and sustainability. These results underscore the importance of integrating taglines into the formulation and implementation of sustainable strategies, while simultaneously enhancing corporate image in the global market. This research contributes novel insights into the strategic role of taglines in sustainable business management, offering valuable reference for other firms aiming to optimize strategic communication for long-term growth.
Copyright (c) 2025 Luthfi Parinduri, Zulfadli Pelawi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integrating the Bisection Method into a STEM-Based Learning Model on Linear Programming for Robotics-Oriented Problem Solving and 21st-Century Skills Enhancement
This research aims to develop a STEM-based learning model on linear programming that integrates the bisection method to minimize modeling errors and enhance 21st-century skills among senior high school students. The study adopts a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, encompassing analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The novelty of this model lies in embedding the bisection method not only as a numerical technique but also as a pedagogical strategy to support students in formulating more accurate mathematical models. Importantly, this study connects mathematical modeling in linear programming with real-world applications in robotics and automation, where optimization under constraints is critical. By engaging students in problem-solving scenarios inspired by robotics—such as task scheduling, energy management, and path planning—students learn to apply iterative logic similar to the reasoning used in robotic decision-making processes. The bisection method enables them to systematically refine solutions, reduce conceptual errors, and strengthen logical consistency. Data were collected through expert validation, pre- and post-tests, and observations of 21st-century skills, including critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication. The findings reveal that the integration of the bisection method significantly reduces modeling errors and promotes interdisciplinary thinking relevant to robotic system design. This model offers a promising instructional innovation that bridges mathematical theory, STEM-based pedagogy, and the practical reasoning frameworks of intelligent robotic systems.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ayu Najmita, Zulkarnain Lubis, Irvan Irvan, Tua Halomoan Harahap (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transforming Technical Competencies Through In-House Training At Gree Electric: A Strategy For Sustainable Growth
In the era of Industry 4.0, the rapid evolution of technology has created a widening gap between existing technical skills and the capabilities required to sustain high-performance manufacturing. This paper examines how Gree Electric, a global leader in consumer electronics, successfully transformed its technical workforce through a strategically designed in-house training program. The objective is to evaluate the impact of structured internal learning on workforce competence, operational efficiency, and long-term business sustainability.Using a qualitative case study approach supported by operational data, the research analyzes the design, implementation, and outcomes of Gree’s modular training system—featuring blended learning, internal certification, mentorship, and integration of emerging technologies such as AI and VR. The findings reveal significant improvements: a reduction of defect rates by 42%, productivity gains of up to 18%, and enhanced innovation capabilities across departments. More than a human resource initiative, Gree’s program demonstrates how continuous learning systems can be leveraged as strategic drivers of industrial competitiveness and sustainability. The study highlights a scalable model that can be adapted across industries facing similar digital transformation challenges.
Copyright (c) 2025 Darmawati, Luthfi Parinduri, Zulfadli Pelawi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Raw Material Inventory Analysis Using The Material Requirement Planning Method In The Umkm Ayam Penyet Mandoge Waroeng Kandar Kuphi
Raw material inventory is a crucial factor in ensuring the smooth operation of a culinary business. MSME Ayam Penyet Mandoge Waroeng Kandar Kuphi faces challenges in managing inventory, which is often unbalanced between material availability and customer demand. This leads to the risk of excess inventory or shortage of raw materials, which can disrupt the production process. This study aims to analyze raw material inventory management using the Material Requirement Planning (MRP) method as a more efficient planning solution. The method used includes collecting historical demand data, production schedules, lead times , and calculating raw material requirements using the MRP approach. The results show that the application of the MRP method can improve the efficiency of raw material procurement, reduce storage costs, and minimize the risk of stockouts and overstocks. Thus, the MRP method can be a strategic tool in making inventory management decisions at the MSME scale. Recommendations are given for MSMEs to start shifting from conventional management to a data-based and structured system to increase their competitiveness and business sustainability.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dimas Sypriansyah, Mahrani Arfah, Suliawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Innovative design and fabrication of a 3d-Printed Prosthesis Arm for Automated Hand Rehabilitation
This study presents the innovative design and fabrication of a 3D-printed prosthesis arm aimed at enhancing automated hand rehabilitation for targeting hemiplegic patients who cannot open and close their hands. By leveraging surface electromyography (EMG) signals, the prosthesis arm translates muscle contractions in the forearm into precise hand movements, facilitating more effective rehabilitation. A comprehensive analysis of existing prosthesis designs guided the creation of a new, improved prototype. Using a concept scoring evaluation matrix, the best concept design was selected, designed, and fabricated through additive manufacturing. The finished prosthesis improves grip stability by imitating natural finger movements with flexible materials and a tendon system made of elastic ropes and fishing lines. Experimental comparisons between the designed prosthesis arm and a human hand showed significant similaritiesin flexion angles, though further refinement is needed for measurement accuracy and tactile feedback. The result present the designed prosthesis arm validity and can be used in automated control rehabilitation in the future. This research also highlights the potential of 3D printing and EMG technology in creating customizable, efficient prosthesis arms for automated rehabilitation, suggesting pathways for future improvements and broader applications.
Copyright (c) 2025 I. Zunaidi, Y. Rahayu, A. Elaklouk, A. Azlan, P. Hazman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Combining Ultracapacitors and Batteries for Induction Motor Electric Vehicle Control
The electrification of transportation has spurred the development of advanced energy storage systems to meet the dynamic demands of electric vehicles (EVs). Batteries alone often fall short in handling peak load currents and regenerative energy, leading to reduced lifespan and performance degradation. This study proposes a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) combining ultracapacitors (UCs) and lithium-ion batteries to improve efficiency and reliability in induction motor (IM)-driven EVs. A real-time energy management system (EMS) based on rule-based logic dynamically allocates power between UCs and batteries. The model is validated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations and experimental setups. The results show that the HESS configuration significantly enhances battery longevity, improves vehicle acceleration, and reduces energy losses compared to battery-only systems.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hermansyah Alam, Mahrizal Masri, Zulkarnain Lubis, Helma Widya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Simulation and Implementation of PID-Based HEV Motor Control Using Arduino and MATLAB/Simulink
The increasing demand for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) necessitates effective motor control strategies that balance performance, efficiency, and real-time adaptability. This study proposes a PID-based control scheme implemented via Arduino and MATLAB/Simulink to manage induction motor speed in an HEV system. A co-simulation framework was developed to ensure seamless integration between the real-time microcontroller and the simulated environment. Results from both simulation and hardware implementation show significant improvements in response time and error minimization under various load conditions. This work contributes a practical solution to HEV control with potential applications in educational and prototyping platforms.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mahrizal Masri, Hermansyah Alam, Zulkarnain Lubis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Simulation of Mortgage Installment Payments Using the Linear Congruent Method (LCM) at PT Rizky Agung Berkah
Home Ownership Credit (KPR) is a popular solution for home ownership through installment systems; however, the complexity of interest and tenor calculations often hinders prospective debtors from fully understanding their financial obligations. PT Rizky Agung Berkah, as a property company, requires a KPR installment simulation system that is efficient, accurate, and easy to understand. This study aims to implement the Linear Congruent Method (LCM) in a web-based KPR installment simulation to generate dynamic installment estimates based on Down Payment (DP) values, random interest rates, and loan tenors. The methodology includes needs analysis, system design using UML, application development with PHP and MySQL, and testing with real sample data. The results show that the system is capable of calculating interest and installments efficiently and displays the simulation results in a detailed installment table. The system also produces varied simulations based on the iteration of random numbers generated by LCM, providing flexibility in payment scenarios. In conclusion, the use of LCM in KPR simulation not only improves the accuracy of calculations but also helps prospective debtors better understand and plan their finances.
Copyright (c) 2025 Khairuddin Nasution, Darjat Saripurna, Mhd. Zulfansyuri Siambaton, Megawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Investigation of Nano-Sized Sputtered Intrinsic Zinc Oxide Window Layer Properties for Thin Film Solar Cell (TFSC) Applications
The efficiency of solar cell devices depends greatly on the electrical performance of the cells. One effective approach to address this issue is by inserting a buffer layer between the p-type and n-type layers. In low-cost thin film solar cells, the window layer is positioned between the window and absorber layers, forming the p-n junction of the device. Buffer layers play a key role in optimizing thin film solar cells, as they help enhance the electrical properties by reducing carrier recombination and increasing the open-circuit voltage. In this study, intrinsic ZnO thin films were deposited using radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering at room temperature with thicknesses ranging from 50 nm to 100 nm. The impact of varying ZnO film thicknesses on the structural, optical, and electrical properties was analyzed to determine the optimal window layer quality. Surface topography was examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM), while energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used to assess the atomic ratio of Zn to O. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the ZnO thin films displayed a dominant (002) diffraction peak at 34.430° (2θ), indicating good crystallinity. Overall, the findings suggest that the ZnO thin films produced in this study have suitable properties for use as a window layer in thin film solar cell applications.
Radio Frequency (RF) Magnetron Sputtering
Copyright (c) 2025 Jamilah Husna, Armansyah, Siti Rahmah Sibuea, Ahmad Bukhori, Oris Krianto Sulaiman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Green Supply Chain Management: Strategies for Sustainable Industrial Development
This study aims to develop and empirically test a conceptual model of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) as a strategic approach to achieving sustainable industrial performance. In the face of increasing global environmental pressures, industries are expected to integrate sustainability principles across all operational levels. This research investigates the impact of five core GSCM dimensions, Green Purchasing, Eco-Design, Green Manufacturing, Reverse Logistics, and Environmental Collaboration, on sustainable performance indicators, encompassing economic, environmental, and social aspects.The study adopts a mixed methods approach, combining quantitative analysis using Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) on survey data collected from 132 manufacturing firms in Indonesia, and qualitative insights gathered through in-depth interviews with key stakeholders. The quantitative findings reveal that all GSCM dimensions significantly and positively influence sustainable industrial performance, with Green Manufacturing demonstrating the highest path coefficient (β = 0.376). The model explains 62.4% of the variance in sustainability performance (R² = 0.624), indicating strong explanatory power.The qualitative results support the statistical analysis, revealing practical efforts such as renewable energy adoption, supplier certification, product redesign, and environmental partnerships. Despite the overall positive influence, challenges remain, particularly in implementing reverse logistics due to infrastructural and behavioral barriers.This study contributes to the theoretical advancement of GSCM by integrating multiple perspectives, operational, strategic, and organizational. It also provides actionable recommendations for industry leaders and policymakers to strengthen the institutionalization of sustainable supply chain practices. The findings emphasize that GSCM is not only a compliance tool but a source of long-term competitive advantage in the era of green transformation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Abdurrozzaq Hasibuan, Suhela Putri Nasution, Taufiqurrahman Hasibuan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hardware-Implemented Multi-Agent Coordination for Adaptive Traffic Control in Developing Regions: A Low-Cost Microcontroller Approach
This paper presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of a coordinated multi-agent traffic signal control system tailored for developing regions with limited infrastructure. The system employs a decentralized architecture using cost-effective microcontrollers to manage adjacent intersections, enabling local decision-making and real-time synchronization without reliance on cloud services or high-bandwidth networks. A green phase coordination algorithm was developed, leveraging timing data from a Real-Time Clock (RTC) and wireless communication at 433 MHz to synchronize green intervals between controllers. To ensure smooth traffic flow and rapid recovery from disruptions, the algorithm restricts adjustments to a maximum of 25% of the signal cycle and can restore synchronization within one to two cycles. Field trials at signalized intersections in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, demonstrate effective reduction of vehicle delays and improved adaptability to fluctuating traffic volumes. Comparative analysis with similar approaches highlights the proposed system’s superior cost-effectiveness, scalability, and ease of integration with legacy infrastructure. The findings validate the system as a practical solution for sustainable traffic management in resource-constrained urban environments, supporting the broader adoption of intelligent transportation systems in developing countries.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hermansyah Alam, Freddy Kurniawan, Helma Widya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Arduino MATLAB Based PID Control of Coupled Induction DC Motors for Educational HEV Simulator
This study presents the design and implementation of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) educational simulator based on Arduino and MATLAB integration. The system uses coupled induction and DC motors controlled via a PID algorithm to emulate realistic motor speed dynamics. The Arduino microcontroller performs real-time PID control, while MATLAB/Simulink provides simulation, tuning, and visualization. Experimental results demonstrate the platform’s capability to effectively teach motor control concepts with accurate speed regulation and system responsiveness. The proposed simulator offers an affordable and scalable solution for academic settings to enhance hands-on learning in electric vehicle technology.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zulkarnain Lubis, Selly Annisa, Solly Aryza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Optimizing Production Scheduling in Smart Manufacturing Systems Using Hybrid Simulation-Based Multi-Objective Optimization
Abstract is In the era of Industry 4.0, optimizing production operations under dynamic and uncertain environments has become a critical challenge. This study presents a hybrid optimization framework combining discrete-event simulation (DES) and a multi-objective metaheuristic algorithm to enhance production scheduling in smart manufacturing systems. The proposed model addresses trade-offs between throughput, energy consumption, and machine utilization, enabling real-time adaptive decision-making. Experiments were conducted on a flexible job shop scenario, with results indicating significant improvements in operational efficiency compared to conventional heuristics. The research highlights the potential of integrating simulation-based optimization for robust and sustainable production operations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Derlini, Selly Annisa, Zulkarnain Lubis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis Of The Bearing Capacity Of The Boredpile Foundation In The Advanced Construction Project Of Class Iia Prison Pematang Siantar Using Analytical Method And Finite Element Method With Plaxis 2D
Foundations are used in civil engineering to define a building construction that functions as a building support and transmits the load of the building above it to a layer of soil that has sufficient bearing capacity. Meanwhile, the foundation itself consists of two types, namely shallow foundation and deep foundation. Boredpile foundation is an example of a deep foundation. Bored pile foundation is a type of tube-shaped deep foundation (deep well), which functions to forward the load of the building structure above it from the ground surface to the hard soil layer below. The purpose of writing this thesis is to determine the settlement value and bearing capacity of bored pile foundation with the comparison of analytical methods (Meyerhoff and Schmertmann & Nottingham) and finite element method with the help of Plaxis 2D Software and PDA. The results and discussion of the calculation analysis obtained the conclusion that the comparison of the bearing capacity of the foundation using the analytical method and the finite element method with Plaxis 2D obtained comparison results with the Mayerhoff method of 33.37%, Schermetmann & Nottingham produced 44.44%, and Plaxis 2D of 38.64%. While in the comparison of foundation settlement results obtained with mayerhoff results of 6.22%, Schermetmann & Nottingham produces 4.56%.
Copyright (c) 2025 M.Husni Malik Hasibuan, Jupriah Sarifah, Nazla Elyza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Calculation of Centrifugal Pump Effectiveness Using The Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) Method at PT. Permata Hijau Group
Centrifugal pumps often experience downtime due to damage, which disrupts the production process. By applying the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method, it is expected that the factors causing decreased pump efficiency can be identified, and strategies and corrective actions can be formulated to improve the operational efficiency of centrifugal pumps at PT. Permata Hijau Group from May 2024 to April 2025. The research results showed that the OEE values each month were above the JIPM standard of 85%, with the highest value in February 2025 at 88.15% and the lowest in July 2024, September 2024, January 2025, and March 2025 at 85.34%. The biggest losses came from reduced speed losses at 8.32% and idling and minor stoppages losses at 6.96%. Based on a fishbone analysis, the main cause of high breakdown time in the Hydrogenation division of PT. Permata Hijau Group is the lack of scheduled preventive maintenance, indicating a need for the company to reorganize its maintenance schedule.
Copyright (c) 2025 Wirda Novarika AK, Wery Prahendi Gultom, Suliawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Flexural Strength in Reinforced High-Sterength Concrete Beams with Macro-Polypropylene Fibers Additives
High Strength Concrete (HSC) possesses high compressive strength however relatively low resistance against tensile forces and cracking forces. The application of steel rebar in Reinforced Concrete aids in tackling tensile stresses however the brittle nature of HSC is still present. The incorporation of fiber materials such as polypropylene fibers into the concrete mix is an innovation done to improve tensile strength, flexural strength, post-cracking strength and crack resistances. This study aims to analyze the effect of addition of macro-polypropylene fibers at volume fractions 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% on the compressive strength of HSC cylinders as well as flexural strength, deflection, and crack resistance of HSC reinforced beams. The methodology of this study includes the determination of HSC mix design incorporating macro-polypropylene fibers to form High Strength Macro-Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete (HSMPFRC), compressive strength testing of cylinders, design and preparation of reinforced concrete beams, flexural strength testing and comparative analysis of test results. Results showed an increase in compressive strength for fiber dosages 1.0% and 1.5% in comparison to control, with the highest increase for a dosage of 1.5%. Flexural strength test results showed increases for all fiber dosages compared to control, with a dosage of 1.0% creating the highest flexural strength. This study concludes that compressive and flexural strength improves the compressive, flexural strength and crack resistance of HSC cylinders and reinforced beams respectively. However, the effect on deflection and cracking patterns is not as conclusive.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sadvent M Purba, Darryl Manoj Kumar, Kevin Aprilio Wibowo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Trip Generation At Grand Sememe Residence Housing In Delitua
The development of new residential areas can lead to increased travel activity, known as trip generation. This study aims to analyze the magnitude of trip generation occurring at Grand Sememe Residence, Deli Tua, and to examine the influence of residents’ socioeconomic characteristics on the number of trips generated. Primary data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 70 household heads, covering variables such as number of family members, number of vehicles, and household income. The analysis was conducted using simple linear regression and multiple linear regression methods to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the number of trips. The results showed that the number of vehicles had the most significant influence on trip generation. Although the multiple regression model was not statistically significant overall, the results are still presented as an initial reference in the development of transportation planning models in residential areas. These findings are expected to serve as input for transportation planners and housing developers in designing efficient and sustainable transportation systems.
Copyright (c) 2025 Marwan Lubis, Mawar Meisani Lubis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0